Nestled in Chile's northern reaches between the Andes Mountain Range and the coast lies Earth's driest desert: the Atacama.
Famous for being home to otherworldly landscapes in the Valley of the Moon and the largest salt flat in the country, Salar de Atacama, this arid region is a nature enthusiast’s playground. You can explore geothermal fields, see diverse wildlife (including flamingos, vicuñas, vizcachas and Culpeo foxes as well as birdlife from the Andean gull to the condor) and enjoy stargazing amidst wind-sculpted canyons, active volcanoes and salt lakes. It's also the perfect foil to Patagonia in the south, where ice fields and sparkling blue lakes are set against the backdrop of the Andes and its remote, rugged territory. To experience both, see this Highlights of Chile tour and speak to us to tailor your itinerary.
For a deeper look into the desert of north Chile, our Latin America Travel Specialist, Sarah, recently travelled there herself to see what makes it so special.
Keep reading to discover the best things to do in the Atacama Desert, when to visit and some of Sarah's expert tips.
Quick Facts for First-Time Visitors
How long should I stay? 3–4 nights
Where should I stay? San Pedro de Atacama
When should I go? May–September for dry weather; April & October for fewer crowds
How high is it? From around 2,400m, with excursions reaching much higher
How do I get there? Fly Santiago–Calama, then transfer to San Pedro
What should I prioritise? El Tatio, Moon Valley, salt lagoons and stargazing
What should I be aware of? Altitude, big temperature changes and early starts
In this Atacama Desert travel guide:
- Why visit?
- Where should you start your adventure?
- What are the 5 best things to do?
- What wildlife can you find here?
- When is the best time to visit?
- How do you get around?
- Where should you stay?
- How many days should you stay for?
- How can you explore?
- How can you make the most of your adventure?
Why Visit the Atacama Desert?
PICTURED: Sarah in the Atacama Desert
This northern region showcases awe-inspiring landscapes that stand in stark contrast to the lush scenery of Patagonia in southern Chile. There’s also an array of exciting excursions to enjoy.
In the morning, you could watch the sunrise over the altiplano plateau at El Tatio Geysers. Then, in the evening, sip Pisco sours as you witness the sun setting over Moon Valley, painting the sky in a mesmerising palette of colours.
It's an extraordinary place that wows you with its host of natural wonders, many of which you'll see and learn about as you head out on your adventure.
For a truly immersive experience, we highly recommend a three or four-night stay in the charming oasis town of San Pedro de Atacama. Here, you can fully embrace the beauty of the desert's unique terrain and crystal-clear night skies. It’s also the perfect base for exploring the likes of the Moon Valley, Chaxa Lagoon and El Tatio Geysers.
The 7 Things Sarah Wished She Knew Before Visiting
1. The altitude affects more than you expect
2. Early mornings can be seriously cold
3. You don't need to fill every day with excursions
4. The landscapes change dramatically from one valley to the next
5. A good guide makes a lot of difference
6. The night sky is worth planning around
7. Three or four nights gives you time to explore without rushing
Where Should You Start Your Atacama Adventure?
Framed by magnificent canyons, geological wonders and stunning volcanic peaks, San Pedro de Atacama is a natural gateway to some of Chile’s most extraordinary landscapes.
Within the town, you may feel like you’ve just stepped back in time. Dusty, unpaved streets and timeworn adobe buildings — everything seems simple, authentic and quietly evocative.
But San Pedro isn’t the destination; it’s the launch point. From here, you set out to explore the desert in all its forms, whether that’s hiking among ancient indigenous ruins, mountain biking through dramatic, vast gorges or venturing deep into lunar-like terrain. Each day ends back in town, where comfort, calm and clear desert skies offer a welcome return.
What are the 5 Best Things to Do in the Atacama Desert?
1. Watch a Moon Valley Sunset
Best for: Landscapes, photography and sunset views
When to go: Late afternoon, staying through sunset
Don't miss: The viewpoint across the Valley of the Moon as the light changes
Witness the enchanting hues of rock formations and volcanoes as the sun dips below the horizon, painting the sky in a mesmerising palette of colours.
Moon Valley, or 'Valle de la Luna', is as enchanting as it sounds. The otherworldly, mars-like terrain looks as though it were from another planet entirely. In the day, you can hike on a trail to Victoria Mine or explore Tres Marias. But as dusk begins to draw near, you can stop and look out towards the horizon, soaking in its fantastic views to end your experience. As far as sunsets go, it's one of the world's most spectacular.
Similar nearby attractions include Valle de la Muerte (or 'Death Valley'), where you can go sandboarding or biking throughout the dunes and red rock formations.
Speak with our Travel Specialists to add this experience to your tailored itinerary. You also head to Las Tres Marias beforehand to witness unique geographical formations close to an old salt mine.
2. Marvel at El Tatio Geysers
Best for: Geology, dramatic landscapes and early risers
When to go: Around 6:00am, when the geysers are at their most active
Don't miss: Watching the steam rise as the sun comes up over the Altiplano
Don't miss a visit to the El Tatio Geysers, where you can marvel at the spectacle of 80 active geysers shooting jets of water high into the sky.
The geyser field is best experienced early in the morning, around 6:00am when the spouting waters reach heights of up to ten metres. The bubbling and hissing with the sun rising in the distance – everything about it makes for the perfect start to your day. Be sure to wrap up well though, since it can get very chilly high up in the mountains!
El Tatio Geysers altitude sits at around 4,319 metres above sea level, meaning they're the highest of their kind on the entire planet.
3. Float in the Laguna Cejar
Best for: Relaxation, unusual landscapes and a different way to experience the desert
When to go: During the warmer part of the day
Don't miss: Floating in the turquoise, mineral-rich water with the desert stretching around you
Take a dip in a serene saltwater lagoon surrounded by stunning desert vistas.
Laguna Cejar (or 'Cejar Lagoon') is rich with high concentrations of salt and minerals, allowing you to float delicately in a sea of turquoise. Drifting through the waters in the middle of the desert in northern Chile is an experience you'll never forget. You lay back, relax and gaze up towards the clear blue skies, the sun beaming down from them. If you're lucky, you may even see pink flamingos gliding effortlessly in the sky above.
Other notable lagoons for you to explore include Laguna Chaxa (or 'Chaxa Lagoon') and Piedras Roja.
Tailor your itinerary with this experience by speaking to one of our Travel Specialists. You also stop at Ojos del Salar, two round freshwater ponds located in the middle of the desert.
4. Cycle to Devil’s Throat
Best for: Active travellers, cycling and exploring away from the main sights
When to go: Earlier in the day, when temperatures are cooler
Don't miss: Leaving your bike behind to hike up the canyon and take in the panoramic views
Embark on an adventurous bike ride to Devil's Throat, weaving through picturesque gorges and past trickling rivers to reach this captivating natural wonder.
Sarah's journey started at San Pedro de Atacama, where she biked to the entrance of Catarpe Valley. From here, follow the river until you make a right at an intersection, which then leads into the narrow, jagged canyon. Devil's Throat is a mix of twists and turns, so take it slow while you snake around the jutting rocks. When you reach the other side, secure your bike and continue by foot, hiking on a trail further up the path.
The reward for your efforts is a panoramic viewpoint of the entire region. Take in the surrounding desert scenery before returning to your bike and heading back to town.
5. Gaze at the Stars After Dusk
Best for: Stargazers, photographers and anyone fascinated by astronomy
When to go: On a clear night, ideally around a new moon
Don't miss: Seeing the Milky Way with the naked eye before looking closer through a telescope
Look up towards Chile's inky black sky, a sea full of constellations, planets and all kinds of twinkling stars which light up at night thanks to the scarce light pollution.
Atacama Desert Stargazing is the perfect way to end a day trip in the desert. Observe the universe through the naked eye and learn how to recognise important celestial bodies before getting a closer look through a high-powered telescope. These stunning views are made extra special as you're surrounded by lunar-like landscapes such as Salar de Atacama, really making you feel as if you're on a different planet altogether!
You can even enjoy stargazing in San Pedro de Atacama with your knowledgeable and bilingual guide, who'll point out various formations for you to spot.
Add this experience to your tailored itinerary by speaking with our Travel Specialists. You'll be introduced to the universe and enjoy astronomical viewing through high-powered telescopes.
What Kind of Atacama Experience Are You Looking For?
For landscapes:
Moon Valley, Death Valley and Piedras Rojas
For wildlife:
Chaxa Lagoon and the Altiplano
For adventure:
Devil's Throat and mountain biking
For culture:
San Pedro and the surrounding archaeological sites
For relaxation:
A lodge with included excursions and time to enjoy the surroundings
For astronomy:
An organised stargazing experience
Discover more of the world's best places for stargazing, including areas like the beautiful Sossusvlei in Namibia and the unique Sacred Valley in Peru.
What Wildlife Can You Find in the Atacama Desert?
Despite its extreme conditions, the Atacama Desert is alive with extraordinary wildlife, best encountered in the cooler hours of the day.
At shimmering lagoons such as Laguna Chaxa, elegant flamingos gather at dawn, their soft pink feathers reflected in the mineral-rich waters they feed in. Three species reside here — Andean, Chilean and James’s flamingos — making sightings both diverse and deeply memorable.
Beyond the wetlands, vicuñas roam the open Altiplano plains, vizcachas dart between rocky outcrops and the elusive Culpeo fox may be spotted against the desert’s ochre tones. Overhead, birdlife ranges from Andean gulls to the majestic condor.
To protect this fragile ecosystem, conservation efforts are ongoing. For example, Los Flamencos National Reserve has recently seen a decline in the flamingo population, from 100-150 two years ago to just 15-20 spotted this year. A team of scientists is now attaching satellite transmitters to flamingos to track how they interact with their environment, in the hopes of planning where new conservation sites could be established.
When is the Best Time to Visit the Atacama Desert?
No matter what time of year you visit, the Atacama Desert provides an excellent way to explore Chile, discovering its diverse wildlife and otherworldly landscapes in the process.
Go in May—September if...
...you want dry weather and clear skies. This is a peak period for the region. Its mild weather and clear skies entice more crowds to places like San Pedro and nearby attractions including El Tatio Geysers.
Go in April or October if...
...you want pleasant conditions with fewer visitors. These two months similarly see comfortable temperatures and excellent stargazing conditions, just without the crowds.
Go in January—March if...
...your priority is seeing James's flamingos, and you don't mind the possibility of summer rain. This is a beautiful time to visit due to the rare rains, meaning you can plan your activities regardless.
For the whole of Chile, see our Best Time to Visit Chile travel guide - including Rapa Nui, the Wine Country, the Lake District, Patagonia, Aysén and an Australis Fjord Cruise.
How Do You Get To and Around the Atacama Desert?
The best way to get to the Atacama Desert from Santiago is by plane, with a flight of around two hours from the Chilean capital.
On arrival into Northern Chile, you are collected from the airport in Calama and driven around 90 minutes to the town of San Pedro de Atacama.
The Chilean Altiplano is then best explored with expert local guides and drivers to navigate the occasionally challenging terrain, while excursions and transfers can be organised on a private or shared basis. For some activities, it’s also possible to hire bikes, with trails around places like the ‘Devil’s Throat’ navigable on two wheels rather than four!
Where Should You Stay in San Pedro de Atacama?
1. Nayara Alto Atacama – Best for Stargazing
Why it stands out:
Set in a recreated Altiplanic village with traditional adobe architecture.
Special highlight:
On-site stargazing deck with specialist guides on hand.
Ideal for:
Guests who want a cultural experience paired with magical desert nights.
Nayara Alto Atacama is located on the outskirts of San Pedro de Atacama, just a short walk from the 12th century Pukara de Quitor fortress. Built in the style of a traditional adobe settlement, its architecture, gardens and interior design all recreate that of an ancient Altiplanic village.
At the hotel, there's a large Corral where you can see resident llamas spend the day grazing on their grass. Not only that, but the hotel also has its own stargazing deck with specialist guides on site. At almost any time of year, you enjoy stunning views of the night sky, getting lost in its glowing embrace.
2. Explora Atacama – Best for Expert-Led Exploration
Why it stands out:
Combines conservation of indigenous land with nature experiences.
Special highlight:
Private observatory with a high-powered telescope to discover.
Ideal for:
Guests who want a stargazing focus and a deep connection with nature.
Explora Atacama can be found near the town centre of San Pedro de Atacama. With it being set on 17-hectare grounds comprised of 20 indigenous parcels, the owners are committed to preserving its timeworn paths and buildings. Inside, the interiors use locally sourced furnishings with artisanal touches.
During your stay, explore the universe with the lodge's private observatory, its dome housing a potent and advanced optics telescope – the Meade 16” f/10 LX200R Advanced RD. Not only that, but there are resident guides on hand to allow you to go beyond the surface and deeper into untouched nature.
3. Tierra Atacama – Best for Eco-Friendly Luxury
Why it stands out:
Pioneering sustainable practices while offering stylish, minimalist lodgings.
Special highlight:
Solar-powered electricity and grey-water recycling throughout.
Ideal for:
Guests who want luxury with eco-conscious values and active exploration.
Tierra Atacama is close by San Pedro de Atacama. Rooms are furnished in a minimalist style and constructed from locally sourced materials. It was one of South America's first lodges to produce solar powered electricity and reuses grey water for irrigation, reviving the once arable land into fertile gardens.
From San Pedro, you can embark on a variety of included excursions in the Atacama Desert. Explore the lunar-like scenery of Vallecito, including selenite-adorned landscapes and colossal salt dunes. You may also want to visit El Tatio Geysers or head to Cejar Lagoon and float on its crystal-clear waters.
There are more accommodation options in the Atacama Desert. By speaking with me or one of our other Travel Specialists, we can help choose the right place for you to stay on your holiday.
How Many Days Should You Stay in the Atacama Desert For?
A three or four-night stay in the Atacama Desert is perfect for exploring its spectacular sights. This amount of time is enough for you to pack your days full of exciting excursions, the main ones being Moon Valley, El Tatio Geysers, Cejar Lagoon and Devil's Throat. From there, you can head south and cover more of Chile's Andean scenery.
How to Spend 4 Nights in the Atacama Desert
Day 1 – Arrive in San Pedro
Arrive in Calama, transfer to San Pedro and take the afternoon slowly to acclimatise.
Day 2 – Moon Valley & stargazing
Explore Moon Valley and the surrounding landscapes before watching the stars after dark.
Day 3 – Altiplano lagoons & flamingos
Head towards the high-altitude lagoons and look for flamingos, vicuñas and other wildlife.
Day 4 – El Tatio Geysers & San Pedro
Rise early for El Tatio before returning to San Pedro for a slower afternoon.
Day 5 – Depart or continue south
Continue towards Santiago, Patagonia or another part of Chile.
Top tip: The high altitude of the area may make you feel slightly more tired than usual, so it's best to take your time and spread out the experiences over the length of your visit.
How Can You Explore the Atacama Desert?
Covering Chile's main highlights, our suggested itinerary – Atacama Desert, Lakes & Torres del Paine tour – immerses you in lunar-like landscapes, a stunning national park, Bohemian neighbourhood and charming Germanic town. From watching the sunrise over the horizon at El Tatio Geysers to searching for large herds of guanaco in Torres del Paine, every day is tailored to you, so you can experience the very best the country has to offer.
Alternatively, Stargazing in the Atacama Desert takes you to some of South America's most breathtaking and mesmerising desert scenery. When dusk arrives, the inky black night skies open up for stargazing, a magical experience among towering volcanoes and serene lagoons. Following your Atacama Desert stargazing tour, you'll continue to Bolivia for more stargazing in Sud Lipez.
Speak with one of our Travel Specialists to plan Atacama Desert into your Chile holiday. Depending on your preferences, we can also include Patagonia, the Chilean Winelands and more.
How Can You Make the Most of Your Atacama Adventure?
1. Plan Your Trip During a New Moon Phase
Plan your trip during a new moon phase to fully appreciate the spectacular night skies and observe the stars from a local observatory.
During new moon, there's no bright moon in the skies washing out the light from the fainter stars. You get a much clearer view of the Milky Way, its constellations appearing to the naked eye and nebulas shining bright light years away.
2. Know Which Clothes to Pack
Be prepared for fluctuating temperatures by packing layers of clothing. Mornings and nights can be chilly, while daytime temperatures can soar.
Fleeces, t-shirts, swimming gear, long pants and long-sleeved shirts are all appropriate for travel in the Atacama Desert. While at the top of a mountain, the high altitude brings with it colder conditions. Whereas at one of the lagoons or biking through the gorges, you'll need something light and airy for more comfort.
Packing List for the Atacama Desert
Warm fleece or jacket
Lightweight daytime clothing
Sun hat
Sunglasses
High-SPF sun cream
Comfortable walking shoes
Swimwear for the lagoons
Reusable water bottle
Lip balm/moisturiser
Camera/binoculars
3. Visit in Summer to See the Elusive James's Flamingo
For a chance to spot the elusive James's flamingo, visit the Atacama Desert during its summer months, between December and February.
You can see flocks of the bird at lagoons such as Laguna Chaxa and Laguna Cejar, with a backdrop of snow-capped mountains providing stunning views. Their unique adaptations allow them to thrive side by side with other species of flamingo in the driest, non-polar desert on the planet.
Discover the Atacama Desert's Unparalleled Beauty with Rainbow
Immerse yourself in the unparalleled beauty and wonder of the Atacama Desert, where every moment promises an unforgettable adventure. By speaking with our Travel Specialists, we can help plan your trip to the north Chile desert, from curated experiences to authentic lodges.
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